Facial Paralysis After Wisdom Tooth Extraction

Why Does Facial Nerve Damage Occur After Wisdom Tooth Extractions?

Facial nerve damage after wisdom tooth extractions is usually caused by the anatomical position of the tooth being close to the facial nerve. Wisdom teeth located in the lower jaw, especially those that are impacted or tilted, are very close to the mandibular nerve, also known as the lower jaw nerve. Therefore, pressure on this nerve during tooth extraction, stretching or direct damage to the nerve can cause symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or temporary weakness in muscle control in the facial area. Additionally, swelling (edema) or blood accumulation (hematoma) in the surgical area can also cause temporary pressure on nerve tissues, leading to loss of function. Therefore, carefully evaluating the nerve-tooth relationship with a detailed panoramic X-ray or 3D tomography before wisdom tooth extraction minimizes the risk of possible nerve damage.

Symptoms of Facial Nerve Damage After Wisdom Tooth Treatment

Symptoms of facial nerve damage after wisdom tooth treatment generally vary depending on the degree of nerve involvement. In this context, symptoms of facial nerve damage after wisdom tooth treatment include the following:

• ???? Numbness or loss of sensation on one side of the face: This can be seen especially in the lip, jaw, or cheek area.

• ⚡ Tingling or electric shock sensation: An uncomfortable feeling may occur as a result of nerve endings being stimulated.

• ???? Weakness in muscle control: Difficulty moving the facial muscles fully, smiling, or moving the lips may be experienced.

• ???? Decreased sense of taste: May occur if the nerves going to the underside of the tongue are affected.

• ???? Difficulty speaking or chewing: Temporary or permanent problems with these functions may occur due to weakening of the facial muscles.

• ???? Pain or burning sensation: Regional pain or changes in hot-cold sensation may be seen after nerve damage.

• ⏳ Persistent numbness: Loss of sensation that continues even weeks after treatment may indicate permanent nerve damage.

Preventing Facial Nerve Damage After Wisdom Tooth Extraction

Preventing facial nerve damage after wisdom tooth extraction is primarily possible through accurate diagnosis, planning, and the application of surgical techniques. For this reason, the position of the tooth and its relationship to the mandibular nerve should be examined in detail using imaging methods such as panoramic X-rays or 3D tomography before the procedure. The surgeon can then minimize the risk of damaging nerve tissue by using more precise and controlled movements on teeth close to the nerve. In addition, excessive force should be avoided during tooth extraction, and techniques such as removing the tooth in pieces should be preferred when necessary. This can prevent complications such as edema or bleeding during the procedure. After the procedure, cold application, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory treatment protect the surrounding tissues and reduce swelling, preventing pressure on the nerve. All these precautions are critical to ensuring the safety of the facial nerve and minimizing the risk of temporary or permanent loss of sensation. For more detailed information, please review our content on facial nerve damage after dental treatment.

How Long Does It Take for Wisdom Tooth Nerve Damage to Heal?

The healing time for facial nerve damage following wisdom tooth treatment varies depending on the severity and type of damage. In this context, the healing of wisdom tooth nerve damage;

• Temporary nerve damage (nerve stretching or mild pressure): This usually resolves within a few weeks to 3 months. In such cases, mild numbness or tingling may be felt in the lip, jaw, or cheek, and most patients achieve full recovery over time.
• Moderate damage (nerve injury): Sensory loss may last 3–6 months. Regular monitoring and sometimes physical therapy or nerve support treatments may be necessary during this process.
• Severe or permanent damage (nerve severing or serious trauma): In this case, the recovery period is long and in some cases may not be complete. Permanent loss of sensation or constant numbness in the lip-jaw area may be seen.

To speed up recovery, regular check-ups with the doctor after the procedure, proper oral care, reduction of swelling, and nerve-supporting treatments should be applied. It is also important to avoid sudden trauma and excessive pressure during the nerve healing process.

How Common Is Nerve Damage After Wisdom Tooth Extraction?

Nerve damage after wisdom tooth extraction is a rare but significant complication, particularly in teeth that are impacted or tilted in the lower jaw. However, according to research, the rate of nerve damage in wisdom tooth extractions generally ranges from 1% to 5%, although this risk is slightly higher in impacted and complicated cases. Factors such as the position of the tooth, the relationship of the roots to the nerve line, the surgeon's experience, and the surgical techniques used affect the increase in risk. If the nerve-tooth relationship is assessed with a detailed panoramic X-ray or 3D tomography before extraction, the risk of possible nerve damage can be significantly reduced. Additionally, controlling swelling and bleeding after the procedure prevents pressure on the nerve, lowering the risk of complications.

Treatment Methods for Facial Nerve Damage After Wisdom Tooth Extraction

• Observation and follow-up: In mild nerve damage, symptoms often resolve on their own; regular check-ups are scheduled during this process.
• Medication: B vitamin complexes and anti-inflammatory drugs may be used to support nerve damage and accelerate healing.
• Cold and heat application: Short-term cold applications are recommended after the procedure to reduce swelling and prevent pressure on the nerve; heat applications may provide relief in the later stages of healing.
• Physical therapy and massage: Light massage and appropriate exercises can be applied to support nerve function in the lip, jaw, and cheek areas.
• Nerve repair surgery: In cases of severe or permanent nerve damage, nerve repair or reconnection surgery using microsurgical techniques may be necessary.
• Nerve stimulation devices: In some cases, electrical nerve stimulation can be used to support nerve function.
• Diet and lifestyle adjustments: A diet rich in vitamins and minerals is recommended, along with avoiding habits that can negatively affect nerve healing, such as smoking and alcohol consumption.
  Bell's Palsy Treatment (can be used in a conservative approach): In mild cases of nerve paralysis, Bell's palsy treatment, medical treatment, and supportive methods may be recommended to manage symptoms in some cases.

If you have suffered damage to your facial nerves due to incorrect or unplanned wisdom tooth treatments, you can contact Dr. Be and his team, who specialize in Facial Paralysis and Synkinesis.